3D-printed manifold integrating solid contact ion-selective electrodes for multiplexed ion concentration measurements in urine

Urinalysis is a simple and non-invasive approach for the diagnosis monitoring of various health disorders. While urinalysis predominantly confined to clinical laboratories sample collection makes it applicable in wide range settings outside central laboratory confinements. In this respect, 3D printed devices integrating sensors measuring multiple parameters may be one most viable approaches ensure cost-effectiveness widespread use. Here we evaluated such system multiplexed determination sodium, potassium calcium ions urine samples with ion-selective electrodes based on state art octadecylamine-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (OD-MWCNT) solid contacts. The were tested clinically relevant concentration range, i.e. ca. 10?4 - 10?1 mol L?1 proven have Nernstian responses under flow injection conditions. applicability manifold was investigated through analysis synthetic two certified reference materials. obtained results confirm suitability proposed ion urine.